Fix precompiled queries that are the receiver of an instance method call

[nurullahturkoglu]

Fixes #37961

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I posted the plan in #37961 (comment) but haven't heard back from the team yet, so the second box is unchecked.

Description

CSharpToLinqTranslator.Translate gets the captured variables from AnalyzeDataFlow(node).DataFlowsIn. When the query is the receiver of an instance method call, such as .ConfigureAwait(false) or .ToString(), Roslyn returns Succeeded == false with an empty DataFlowsIn, and the translator then fails with "unknown identifier". It's a Roslyn regression from dotnet/roslyn#67913 (4.5 works, 4.7 doesn't), reported in dotnet/roslyn#86099 with a fix in dotnet/roslyn#86100.

When the analysis fails, the translator now retries it on the enclosing expressions until one succeeds. A wider region can bring in variables the query doesn't use, but _dataFlowsIn is only looked up for symbols the query references, so those entries are ignored. Once the Roslyn fix is picked up, the retry is no longer needed for this case.

The synchronous case, e.g. context.Blogs.Count(b => b.Id == id).ToString(), fails the same way, so it's covered as well.

Testing

I added Terminating_with_ConfigureAwait (the case from the issue) and Terminating_followed_by_instance_method_call (synchronous) to PrecompiledQueryRelationalTestBase, with SQL Server overrides.

Without the fix, both tests fail on SQLite ("unknown identifier 'token'" and "'id'") and on SQL Server. With the fix, the SQLite and SQL Server precompiled query tests pass (SQL Server ran against a local Linux container on macOS), as does EFCore.Design.Tests.

I haven't run the full functional test suites, and I haven't run anything on Windows.